Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.
The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive(认知的) behavioral therapy(CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.
Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.
A team of researchers from the university of Y ork conducted a randomized(随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药).
After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.
“It’s an important, cautionary note that we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists,” says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. “We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed.”
Being depressed can mean feeling “lost in your own small, negative, dark world,” Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation. “When you’re emotionally vulnerable, you’re even more in need of a caring human being ,” he says.
51.What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?
A) Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure.
B) Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer.
C)They can save patients trouble visiting physicians.
D)They have been well received by a lot of patients.
52.What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?
A) Their effectiveness in combating depression.
B) The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy.
C)Their easy and inexpensive access by patients.
D)The recommendation by primary care doctors.
53. What is the major finding by researchers at the University of York?
A) Online CBT programs are no more effective than regular care from physicians.
B) The process of treating depression is often more complicated than anticipated.
C) The combination of traditional CBT and computerized CBT is most effective.
C) Depression is a mental condition which is to be treated with extreme caution.
54. What is Professor Dowrick’s advice concerning online CBT programs?
A) They should not be neglected in primary care.
B) Their effectiveness should not be overestimated.
C) They should be used by strictly following instructions.
D) Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.
55. What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?
B) Appropriate medication.
C) Timely encouragement.
D) Human interaction.
答案解析：
51. 根据“a recent study reports that they are not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.”可知，最近的研究表明在线CBT项目可能无法让患者坚持到底以实现有效治疗，所以选 A 。
52. 根据“online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.”可知，患者可以轻松且低成本地访问在线CBT项目，这使得它们越来越受欢迎，所以选 C 。
53. 根据“The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive(认知的) behavioral therapy(CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.”以及后文对约克大学研究的描述可知，约克大学研究人员的主要发现是在线CBT项目并不比医生的常规护理更有效，所以选 A 。
54. 根据“It’s an important, cautionary note that we shouldn’t get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists.”可知，Dowrick教授建议不要高估在线CBT项目的有效性，所以选 B 。
55. 根据“Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation.”以及“When you’re emotionally vulnerable, you’re even more in need of a caring human being”可知，对情感脆弱的人来说，人与人之间的互动更重要，所以选 D 。
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